耐药,雌激素刺激乳腺癌已经扩散超出了他们最初的网站往往比原发肿瘤的遗传改变的不同,根据大规模的肿瘤组织分析由达纳-法伯癌症研究所的科学家。这些差异的发现,它可以指导寻找新的药物靶标和影响治疗的患者如果癌转移接收,今天在2016圣安东尼奥乳腺癌研讨会上提出的。
“在雌激素受体阳性的治疗的巨大进步,尽管如此,使用针对雌激素受体[ER]治疗乳腺癌,患者经常出现抗这些疗法,”该研究的Nikhil Wagle,MD的资深研究员说,对癌症的精密医学在Dana Farber中心和麻省理工和哈佛研究所副副主任委员。“这些耐药的肿瘤仍然是乳腺癌死亡的最常见的原因,但这种耐药性的发展机制却知之甚少。”
不同于以往的研究,对治疗乳腺癌的基因组在其原来的位置上,新的研究集中在转移性肿瘤样本耐病患者,研究的第一作者Ofir Cohen博士解释说,博士后研究员Dana Farber计算生物学家和Broad研究所。“我们目前的研究是越来越多的努力的一部分,许多研究人员开始关闭的差距,更好地了解的转移和阻力状态的基因组的支柱。”
在这项研究中,韦格尔,科恩,和他们的同事分析抗治疗,雌激素受体阳性的转移性乳腺癌标本130例,在苏珊·史密斯中心妇女癌症治疗在Dana Farber。原发性肿瘤的预处理样品进行了分析,从这些患者中的34。研究人员进行了大规模并行测序(也被称为“下一代测序”)对整个外显子组(编码所有的癌细胞的蛋白质的基因)和转录组(所有的遗传指令细胞蛋白生产的)这些乳腺癌标本。
“我们发现耐药的基因组景观,雌激素受体阳性的转移性乳腺癌是显着不同于原发性雌激素受体阳性的乳腺癌,”科恩说。“此外,我们能够确定多个临床相关的基因组和分子的改变,在转移性活检的影响选择下一个治疗,临床试验资格,和新的药物靶标。”
全基因组测序表明,转移性乳腺癌样本的基因有更频繁的改变ESR1,ErbB2,PIK3CA,PTEN,Rb1,AKT1,among others. Transcriptomic sequencing identified cell states that may cause tumors to become resistant to certain drugs.
“在原发性和转移性肿瘤中发生的遗传异常可能是一个肿瘤可能扩散的信号,”科恩说。“主要存在于转移性肿瘤样本中的异常,可能会提供哪些药物可能克服或防止耐药性的线索。这些发现强调了定期监测如血[液体]游离DNA技术活检肿瘤基因组构成的潜在价值。”
When sequencing identified an abnormality in these tumors that could impact patients’ treatment,the findings were sent to the clinicians and patients and are being used for clinical decision-making,Wagle noted.
Researchers plan to integrate the functional and clinical findings of the study into a comprehensive “Resistance Atlas” for ER-positive metastatic breast cancer,which should help inform treatment decisions for individual patients and propel the development of new combination treatment strategies for the disease,Wagle said.
A limitation of the study is that because most of the samples were both metastatic and treatment-resistant,mutations involved in metastasis were interwoven with those involved in drug resistance. The investigators are using several functional assays to help untangle metastasis-driving events from resistance-conferring events,Cohen said.
This study was funded by the National Cancer Institute,the National Human Genome Research Institute,the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program,Susan G. Komen,The V Foundation,The Breast Cancer Alliance,the AACR-Landon Foundation,the Friends of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. Cohen declares no conflicts of interest. Wagle is an equity holder in Foundation Medicine,a consultant to Novartis,and a recipient of sponsored research support from Novartis,Genentech,and Merck
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